Alice Paul: Solidarity, Sisterhood, and Found Strength for Change

By Jennifer Schneider
Description

Guiding Questions: 

  • What can we learn from Alice Paul?
  • How can what we learn from the work of Alice Paul inspire individual activism and perspectives on positive social change?
  • What issues are worth fighting for?

Themes: Dedication, Persistence, Activism

Big IdeaThis lesson’s Big Idea explores activism in found spaces and newly discovered faces. Students reflect on the work and activism of Alice Paul and explore, through a review of primary sources, how personal initiatives and statements of desired social change in the present day can be inspired by and found in the work of activists like Alice Paul throughout history.

Supporting Questions:

  • What about the right to vote is so powerful?
  • What does it mean to have the right to vote?
  • What issues are worth fighting for?
  • How does the work of Alice Paul inspire individual change?
  • How do you inspire change?
  • How might the work, friendships, and self-initiated activism of Alice Paul serve as inspiration for individual approaches to social change?

Students use Library of Congress primary sources to (a) examine the work and strategies for change executed by Alice Paul and others as a part of the women's suffrage movement in the United States and (b) create an original found poem that reflects students’ individual change statements.

The overarching goals and objectives are to spark reflection and critical thinking on individual opportunities to make change using Alice Paul’s work as found inspiration.

  • Students reflect upon the meaning of social justice movements.
  • Students analyze images and written materials related to Alice Paul and the suffrage movement.
  • Students evaluate what justice-related issues are important to them and create found poems about social change.

 

Time

30 minutes

Objective
  • To help students understand Alice Paul’s contributions to the suffrage movement
  • To help students analyze Alice Paul’s work for activism and change-making qualities.
  • To help students understand Alice Paul’s contributions towards change and the suffrage movement.
  • To help students reflect on how to convey messages of desired change.
  • To help students articulate a message of change through creative work.
  • To help students create a found poem from primary sources that articulates a message of activism and positive social change.
Prerequisites

Definitions: Suffrage, 19th Amendment, Suffrage Movement

Background Reading:

 

Materials

Supplies

  • Pens
  • Pencils
  • Markers in different colors
  • Printed copies of resources and materials to create found poems

 

Procedures

Warm-up: (1 minute)

  • What words come to mind when you think of Alice Paul’s work?
    1. Can generate as a word cloud (i.e., Poll Everywhere) or via sticky notes on Padlet (if in a space with computer access).
    2. Can also write on small slips of paper and toss to others to read and share.
    3. Can also do so quietly – simulate the type of silent protests Alice Paul engaged in on sidewalks and in public spaces, many of which landed her in jail.

 

Opening Discussion: (1 minute)

  • Engage students in a discussion of the work of Alice Paul. Students can pull up assigned background readings.
  • Prompts for Reflection/Discussion:
    1. How did Alice Paul create social change?
    2. What do you think motivated her?
    3. What do you think kept her going?
    4. How might her found friendships – other women, including those she met at police station (Lucy Burns, for example) and in jail, have sustained their collective work?
  • Can write responses on board or shared computer screen
     

See Think Wonder (5 minutes)

  • Present Lesson Slides.
  • Work through series of images and “See, Think, Wonder” prompts

 

Brief Overview of Alice Paul (3 minutes)

  • Present Lesson Slides.

 

Introduce the concept of finding new messages in primary source materials through annotation, summary, and found poetry (3 minutes)

  • On board, can write --- Annotate, Summarize, Change
  • Continue with Lesson Slides
  • Ask students what these words mean in connection with a review of a primary source

 

Reflection (1-2 minutes)

  • Think about an issue you care about
  • How might you befriend like-minded people
  • How might doing do help your own strength and activism
  • Where do you find strength when needed
  • Think about how change is made
  • Can write the following words on the board - Vote, Suffrage, Suffer, Change, Activism, Resistance

 

Found Poetry (5 minutes)

  • Introduce found poetry
  • Background on found poetry.
  • Continue with Lesson Slides 
  • Review found poems on change

 

 

Introduce Alice Paul Primary Source Materials for Homework Activity (5 minutes)

 Primary Sources for Found Poems:

  • “Alice Paul Describes Forced Feedings” Questions – 
    1. What do you notice first? What words do you see?
    2. Why do you think this was created?
    3. What information could help us understand this more?
  • “Alice Paul Talks” Questions – 
    1. What words and phrases catch your attention?
    2. What is on this page around the article?
    3. Why do you think the author wrote this?
  • “Western Union Telegram” Questions—
    1. What do you feel after reading this?
    2. What would you do to protect your right to vote
  • Continue to work through Lesson Slides

 

 Activity (Introduce, Will be Completed as Homework): (4 minutes)

  • Drawing upon the work of Alice Paul, create a found poem that inspires change/activism/change statement.
  • Select a resource and create a found poem that inspires or conveys a message of change.
  • Describe Steps
  • Re-read and skim the selected resources (see Lesson Slides, distribute hand-outs).
  • Think about Alice Paul’s commitment to change and the strategies she employed
  • Can circle words, cross out phrases/sentences, keep those that resonate.
  • Identify words and phrases of interest. Think about ways Paul found unexpected opportunity to make positive change.
  • Goal – a reflection or personal change statement on activism, found friendships and meaning and missions, and the vote.
  • Using a selected words and phrases, reconfigure the text to find your own statement or conception of change.

 

Exit Ticket (1 minute)

  • One word, what does the right to vote mean to you?
  • One word, what social issues might you wish to address?

 

Assessment / Homework

Homework Activity: Create a found poem that adapts Paul’s arguments and work for suffrage into a statement a change.

 

Sample Reflection Questions

Before leaving, encourage conversations about Alice Paul’s work at home and in the community

  • What would/could you do to protect the right to vote?
  • What would/could you do to encourage awareness and social change regarding issues you care about?
  • How might you encourage others to vote?
  • How might you inspire change in others?
  • If 18, have you registered to vote?
  • What might your Personal Change Statement say?
  • How does seeking the right to vote differ from defending the right to vote.
  • What can you do to raise awareness of Alice Paul’s work (and the suffrage movement) to secure the right to vote for women
  • Instructor Note: Revisit/Raise the Compelling Questions for students to answer

 

Future Research / Resources

Modifications

  • For longer class periods, students can work on found poems in class either alone, in pairs, or in small groups.
  • Time permitting, students can share their work.
  • Discussion based on what the poems convey and how they relate to the work of Alice Paul.
  • Possible Prompts: Model “See, Think, Wonder” about the shared poems.
  • Possible Prompts: What is most striking? What is most surprising? Similarities? Differences?

 

Additional Found Poetry Resources:

  • Tool to create collaborative found poetry online: https://blackoutpoem.glitch.me/
  • If wish to provide students with written transcripts of the image text, can use a tool like ChatGPT to generate transcripts from a selected image.
  • Transcripts can be uploaded to a tool like Kami App and annotated.
  • Found poems are also sometimes called erasure or blackout poems. Reflect - how do we fight back against erasure through activism?

 

Extension Projects

  • Create a bulletin board or digital website to highlight the pieces
  • Host a poetry reading
  • Use poems as part of a get-out-the-vote activity
  • Share information on how to register to vote
  • Share options for volunteer opportunities with upcoming elections

 

Additional Resources on Teaching Found Poems

Illustrative Voting/Social Justice/Found Poems

Additional Alice Paul Resources

 

Standard

C3 Standards:

  • D4.3.9-12. Present adaptations of arguments and explanations that feature evocative ideas and perspectives on issues and topics to reach a range of audiences and venues outside the classroom using print and oral technologies (e.g., posters, essays, letters, debates, speeches, reports, and maps) and digital technologies (e.g., Internet, social media, and digital documentary).
  • D4.6.9-12. Use disciplinary and interdisciplinary lenses to understand the characteristics and causes of local, regional, and global problems; instances of such problems in multiple contexts; and challenges and opportunities faced by those trying to address these problems over time and place.
  • D4.7.9-12. Assess options for individual and collective action to address local, regional, and global problems by engaging in self-reflection, strategy identification, and complex causal reasoning.
  • D4.8.9-12. Apply a range of deliberative and democratic strategies and procedures to make decisions and take action in their classrooms, schools, and out-of-school civic contexts. 

 

This biography is sponsored in part by the Library of Congress Teaching with Primary  Sources Eastern Region Program, coordinated by Waynesburg University. Content created and featured in partnership with the TPS program does not indicate an endorsement by the Library of Congress.

For further information or questions, please contact [email protected].